Description of the course
General presentation:Pipe systems, materials, media Pipe
Temperature / Different pipe's catalogues / Valid areas / EN – codes
Definition of pipe systems:Temperature / pressure – lifetime
Project classes: A-B and C, safety
Number of full load cycles
Fundamentals of bonded pipe systems in soil:Friction, expansion, natural fixpoint
Straight pipe sections:Allowable axial stress level, 150 / 170 / 190 MPa or higher
Limit stability
Use of different calculators, hand calculations on practical examples
Trench:Trench backfill material – compaction, what to inspect on site
Pipes in protection pipe
Lifting several pipes
Max trench length exposed with heat on
Shallow installation
Max. soil cover
Change in direction:Allowable axial stress level, limit stability
Compensated system
Preheated system (in open trench)
E-comp system
High axial stress level (without compensation)
Examples
Bends:Calculation of expansion zone
80° to 90°, other angles 10° to 80°
Calculators and hand calculations for L / Z and U bends
Casing Joint:Material properties
Shrink joints
Welded joints
Monitoring systems:Detect principles (resistance / impulse)
Wiring
Commissioning
Branches:45° branch – max distance to next expansion
90° branch - movement
Max length of branch
Examples
Reductions:Reductions in media pipe
TwinPipe design:Design (what is different to single pipe)
Merging from single to TwinPipe
Handling of Twinpipe
Flexible pipes:Different types
Cu / Steel / PEX / AluPex – design rules